Dissemination DeliverablesD5.2

Deliverable 5.2

Abstract

Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Dot-by-Dot (WAAM-DbD) is a technique for creating large-scale metal lattice structures by depositing material in short, discrete welding beads. The process faces significant challenges regarding thermal management, with interpass temperature (IT), defined as the temperature of the deposition surface immediately prior to the creation of a new dot, identified as a critical parameter influencing dot geometry, microstructure, and mechanical integrity. Deliverable 5.2 presents protocols, i.e., guidelines, to implement a monitoring solution focused on interpass temperarture estimation.

After evaluating various thermal monitoring methods, thermography is chosen as the most effective solution for real-time data acquisition. Suggestions for thermal camera integration are proposed, such as fixed-workpiece and tool-mounted configurations. Focal plane management, emissivity settings, and the thermal influence of the substrate are discussed and a method for extrapolating IT from maximum temperature data is proposed.

Table of contents

1.   INTRODUCTION

2.   TEMPERATURE MONITORING OPTIONS

3.   IMPLEMENTATION

3.1        Fixture

3.2        Depth of field and Emissivity

3.3        Substrate effects

3.4        Interpass temperature